Network Introduction

Introduction of Networks

A network is a combination of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals,
or other devices associated to one another to confess the distribution of data. An great example
of a network is the Internet, which associate millions of people all over the world. 

Types of Networks :

One style to classify the various types of computer network designs is by their scope or 
scale. For historical reasons, the networking industry assign to closely each kind of design 
as some type of area network. General kinds of area networks are :

• LAN - Local Area Network
• WAN - Wide Area Network
• WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network
• MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
• SAN - Small Area Network
• CAN - Campus Area Network
• PAN - Personal Area Network

LAN and WAN are the two popular and best known kind of area networks, while the others 
have appear with technology suggestion

Note that network category vary from network topologies .

LAN : Local Area Network

A LAN associate network devices over a approximately brief distance. A networked office 
architecture , school, or home general consist of a single LAN, though sometimes one building 
will contain a few small LANs, and hardly a LAN will span a group of nearby construct . In 
TCP/IP networking, a LAN is often but not always perform as a single IP subnet.

In addition to operating in a defined space, LANs are also commonly owned, contained , and 
handled by a single person or organization. They also contribute to use certain association 
technologies, mainly Ethernet and Token Ring.

WAN: Wide Area Network

As the term signify , a WAN spans a considerable physical distance. The Internet is the largest 
WAN, spanning the Earth .

A WAN is a geographically separate combination of LANs . In IP networking, the router handle 
both a LAN address and a WAN address.

A WAN vary from a LAN in various essential styles . Most WANs  are not purchased by any one 
organization but rather access under selected or shareholding and management. WANs give to 
utilize technology like ATM, Frame Relay and X.25 for association over the expanded scope .

LAN, WAN, and Home Networking

Address commonly apply one LAN and associate to the Internet WAN via an Internet Service 
worker  using a broadband modem. The ISP offer a WAN IP address to the modem, and all of the 
computers on the home network use LAN IP addresses . All computers on the home LAN can 
associate precisely with every another but must go through a basic network gateway, commonly a 
broadband router, to ability the ISP.

Other Types of Area Networks

While LAN and WAN are by far the most leading network kinds specified , you may also generally 
see associating to these others :

• Wireless Local Area Network - A LAN based on Wi-Fi wireless network technology
• Metropolitan Area Network - A network connect a physical area bigger than a LAN but lesser 
  than a WAN, such as a city. A MAN is generally purchased and operated by a single entity 
  such as a government body or bigger association .
• Campus Area Network - A network connect various LANs but lesser than a MAN, such as on a 
  university or local business ground .
• Storage Area Network - associate servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fibre 
  medium .
• System Area Network (also known as Cluster Area Network) - Links high-performance computers 
  with high-speed connections in a cluster configuration .

To learn more about this visit CCNA Training in Chandigarh.

IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)

IPv6 is one of the most appear technologies in networks. IPv4 addresses are almost
 disabled and, as such, a new and better solution is needed. IPv6, which is the ending 
chapter of this  CCNA training in Chandigarh, we will look at the concepts disabled
 this protocol, we will learn why there is a need for IPv6 that will be pursue by the
 configuration of IPv6 addresses according to the requirements of the net. We'll finish
 looking at IPv6 routing using OSPF and we'll see how it differs from OSPFv2.

What is IPv6 and why is it important?

Let’s talk about the use of IPv4 and we said that the IPv4 address space provides
 approximately 4,294,967,296 unique addresses. Of these, only 3,700 million 
addresses are assignable because the IPv4 addressing system separates 
addresses into classes and reservation addresses for multi casting, testing and 
other specific uses.IPv4 addresses are almost exhausted and this is due to the
 increased use of the Internet; the number of devices with which one can use
 the Internet these days is many; Smartphones, tablets, laptops and other 
devices can now access the Internet. Even with NAT, the rapid growth of
 the Internet is leading to the depletion of IPv4 addresses. Learn IPv6 and its 

importance with CCNA Training in Chandigarh.

Advantages of IPv6

As you can see in the following table, the use of IPv6 provides so many functions
 and possibilities that were previously not available in IPv4.

           

Types of IPv6 addresses

An IPv6 address will be one of the following types. Some will be familiar, but there
 is also a new one.

Unicast: an IPv6 unicast address is the same as an IPv4 unicast address; it is an IP 
that is assigned to an interface on a host. It can be the source of an IP packet or the 
destination of one. A packet sent to a unicast address goes to the only host with 
that address.

Global Unicast: A global unicast IPv6 address is the equivalent of a registered public
 IP address. They are IP routable by Internet, registered worldwide and must be leased
 from an ISP.

Single Local: equivalent to a private IPv4 address; not registered with an ISP and not
 rout-able by Internet.

Local link: each IPv6 interface is granted a local link address. The address range is 
FE80 :: / 10, and it generally combines this prefix with the last 64 bits in EUI-64 format.
 It is more or less equivalent to the address range of the automatic private IP address 
(APIPA) of 169.254.0.0/16.

Multicast: As in IPv4, a single IPv6 multicast address is assigned to multiple hosts 
so that a packet sent to the address can be delivered to several hosts more or less
 at the same time. IPv6 multicast addresses always start with the prefix FF00 :: / 8.

Anycast: an anycast address is a single address that is assigned to multiple hosts. 
This is multicast, omitting that a packet for the IP address will be provided to the 
nearest one according to the distance of ​​the routing protocol. There is no special 
prefix for anycast addresses.

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